Design and Experiment of Piezoelectric Vibration Seed Homogenizer for Super Hybrid Rice
-
摘要: 针对目前振动式水稻育秧盘低播量精量排种器存在匀种均匀性差、难以提供单列稳定种子流的问题，设计了一种压电振动式匀种装置。通过对压电振子振动原理、振动板动力学和水稻种子转向等分析，确定了各部件的结构参数。进行振动板结构参数优化设计，以储种盒深度、转向槽角度以及振动方向角为试验因素，结合Box-Behnken试验方案进行优化，试验结果表明转向槽角度、储种盒深度、振动方向角和转向槽角度交互作用对试验结果影响显著，当储种盒深度为8 mm、转向槽角度为49°、振动方向角为29°时，种子均匀性变异系数为17.91%。通过台架试验测定振动板加速度，确定输入电压与振幅之间的关系。最优结构参数下振动板匀种试验结果表明，匀种均匀性变异系数、播种合格率和漏播率分别为18.20%、94.65%和0.67%。不同匀种速度下播种性能试验结果表明，当工作电压为130～180 V时，其播种合格率均不小于94.17%,漏播率均不大于0.83%。不同水稻品种适应性试验结果表明，在工作电压130、150、170 V下，其播种合格率均不小于94.17%,漏播率均不大于1.0%,满足超级杂交水稻精量化育秧播种要求。Abstract: Aiming at the problems of poor uniformity of low sowing quantity precision metering device of vibrating rice seedling tray at present, which is difficult to provide a single row of stable seed flow, a piezoelectric vibrating homogenizing device was designed. The structural parameters of each component were determined by analyzing the vibration principle of piezoelectric vibrator, the dynamics of vibrating plate and the steering of rice seeds. The structural parameters of the vibrating plate were optimized. Taking the depth of the seed storage box, the angle of the steering groove and the direction of vibration as the test factors, the optimization test was carried out in combination with the Box-Behnken test scheme. The results showed that the interaction of the angle of the steering groove, the depth of the seed storage box, the direction of vibration and the angle of the steering groove had a significant impact on the test results. When the depth of the seed storage box was 8 mm, the angle of the steering groove was 49°, and the direction of vibration was 29°, and the coefficient of variation of seed evenness was 17.91%. The relationship between the input voltage and the amplitude was further determined by the acceleration measurement bench test. Under the optimal structural parameters, the variation coefficient of uniformity, the qualified rate of sowing and the missed rate of sowing were 18.20%, 94.65% and 0.67%, respectively. The seeding performance test at different uniform seeding speeds showed that when the working voltage was 130～180 V, the qualified seeding rate was no less than 94.17% and the missed seeding rate was no more than 0.83%. The adaptability test results of different rice varieties showed that under the three working voltages of 130 V, 150 V and 170 V, the qualified seeding rate was no less than 94.17%, and the missed seeding rate was less than or equal to 1.0%, which met the requirements of precision seedling raising and sowing of super hybrid rice.
-
Keywords:
- super hybrid rice /
- piezoelectric /
- vibration /
- seed homogenizer device /
- discrete element method
-
-
[1] 王亚梁,朱德峰,向镜,等.杂交稻低播量精量播种育秧及机插取秧特性[J].中国水稻科学,2020,34(4):332-338.WANG Yaliang,ZHU Defeng,XIANG Jing,et al.Characteristics of seedling raising and mechanized transplanting of hybrid rice with a low seeding rate by precise seeding method[J].Chinese Journal of Rice Science,2020,34(4):332-338.(in Chinese) [2] 刘静妍,闫双勇,张融雪,等.水稻耐高温分子机制研究进展[J].天津农业科学,2020,26(1):19-22.LIU Jingyan,YAN Shuangyong,ZHANG Rongxue,et al.Recent advances in molecular mechanisms of thermotolerance in rice[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2020,26(1):19-22.(in Chinese) [3] 汪浩,张强,张文地,等.腋芽萌发能力对再生稻产量影响的研究进展[J].中国水稻科学,2020,34(3):205-216.WANG Hao,ZHANG Qiang,ZHANG Wendi,et al.Advances in the effects of the ability of axillary bud germination on grain yield in ratoon rice[J].Chinese Journal of Rice Science,2020,34(3):205-216.(in Chinese) [4] 刘彩玲,王亚丽,都鑫,等.摩擦复充种型孔带式水稻精量排种器充种性能分析与验证[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(4):29-36.LIU Cailing,WANG Yali,DU Xin,et al.Filling performance analysis and verification of cell-belt rice precision seed-metering based on friction and repeated filling principle[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2019,35(4):29-36.(in Chinese) [5] 罗锡文,王在满,曾山,等.水稻机械化直播技术研究进展[J].华南农业大学学报,2019,40(5):1-13.LUO Xiwen,WANG Zaiman,ZENG Shan,et al.Recent advances in mechanized direct seeding technology for rice[J].Journal of South China Agricultural University,2019,40(5):1-13.(in Chinese) [6] 张妮,张国忠.水稻种植机械化技术研究现状与展望[J].湖北农业科学,2020,59(17):5-10.ZHANG Ni,ZHANG Guozhong.Research status and prospect of rice planting mechanization[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2020,59(17):5-10.(in Chinese) [7] 张顺,夏俊芳,周勇,等.气力滚筒式水稻直播精量排种器的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(1):11-19.ZHANG Shun,XIA Junfang,ZHOU Yong,et al.Design and experiment of pneumatic cylinder-type precision direct seed-metering device for rice[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2015,31(1):11-19.(in Chinese) [8] 张学义,邵耀坚,邹黎,等.电磁振动排种器种子运动分析及试验研究[J].农业工程学报,1996,12(1):81-86.ZHANG Xueyi,SHAO Yaojian,ZOU Li,et al.Theoretical analysis and experiment on the kinematics of feeding device under electromagnetic vibration[J].Transactions of the CSAE,1996,12(1):81-86.(in Chinese) [9] 苏江,杨志刚,田丰君,等.惯性式压电振动送料器[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(8):281-286.SU Jiang,YANG Zhigang,TIAN Fengjun,et al.Inertial piezoelectric vibratory feeder[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(8):281-286.(in Chinese) [10] 周海波,梁秋艳,魏天路,等.双级振动精密排种器外槽轮式定量匀种装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(增刊):57-61.ZHOU Haibo,LIANG Qiuyan,WEI Tianlu,et al.Design and experiment of quantitative seed supply device with fluted roller used for double-vibrating precision seed meter[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(Supp.):57-61.(in Chinese) [11] 马旭,邝健霞,齐龙,等.水稻田间育秧精密播种机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(7):31-37.MA Xu,KUANG Jianxia,QI Long,et al.Design and experiment of precision seeder for rice paddy field seedling[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(7):31-37.(in Chinese) [12] 鹿芳媛,马旭,齐龙,等.振动式水稻精密播种装置机理分析与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(6):119-128.LU Fangyuan,MA Xu,QI Long,et al.Theory and experiment on vibrating small-amount rice sowing device[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(6):119-128.(in Chinese) [13] 谭祖庭,马旭,齐龙,等.振流式精密播种装置种层厚度检测及控制系统研制[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(21):10-16.TAN Zuting,MA Xu,QI Long,et al.Detection and control system of seed-layers thickness for vibration-flow precision seeder[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2012,28(21):10-16.(in Chinese) [14] 李志伟,邵耀坚.电磁振动式水稻穴盘精量播种机的设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2000,31(5):32-34.LI Zhiwei,SHAO Yaojian.Study and test of electromagnetic vibrating type rice seeder for hill seedling nursery box[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2000,31(5):32-34.(in Chinese) [15] 鹿芳媛,马旭,齐龙,等.基于离散元法的杂交稻振动匀种装置参数优化与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(10):17-25.LU Fangyuan,MA Xu,QI Long,et al.Theory and experiment on vibrating small-amount rice sowing device[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2016,32(10):17-25.(in Chinese) [16] 王朝辉,马旭.超级稻精密播种器种层振动测试与分析[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(2):68-72.WANG Zhaohui,MA Xu.Vibrating measurement and analysis of seeds layer on precision seedling planting parts for super hybrid rice[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(2):68-72.(in Chinese) [17] 刘卫星.压电式振动给料器的机理分析与实验研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2006. [18] LEE J K,MARCUS M A.The deflection-bandwidth product of poly(Vinylidene fluoride) benders and related structures[J].Ferroelectrics,1981,32(1):93-101.
[19] 陈长春,周海波,马翔,等.振动式精密排种器排种速度仿真与分析[J].佳木斯大学学报(自然科学版),2014,32(3):408-411.CHEN Changchun,ZHOU Haibo,MA Xiang,et al.Simulation and analysis of seeding speed for vibrating precision seed meter[J].Journal of Jiamusi University(Natural Science Edition),2014,32(3):408-411.(in Chinese) [20] 袁昊,刘彩玲,宋建农,等.超级杂交稻穴盘育苗精量排种器压电振动匀种装置研究[J].农业机械学报,2020,51(增刊2):31-40.YUAN Hao,LIU Cailing,SONG Jiannong,et al.Piezoelectric vibration seed supply device of precision metering device for plug seedling of super hybrid rice[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(Supp.2):31-40.(in Chinese) [21] 郭浩.矩形穿孔板压电换能器的弯曲振动研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2019. [22] 刘超.压电悬臂梁水平布置式直线送料器的设计研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2016. [23] 方同,薛璞.振动理论及应用[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2004:37-43. [24] 扈凯,张文毅,李坤,等.基于模态规划法的履带拖拉机车架振动分析与优化[J].中国农机化学报,2021,42(8):121-126.HU Kai,ZHANG Wenyi,LI Kun,et al.Vibration analysis and optimization of tracked tractor frame based on modal programming method[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2021,42(8):121-126.(in Chinese) [25] 于庆旭,刘燕,陈小兵,等.基于离散元的三七种子仿真参数标定与试验[J].农业机械学报,2020,51(2):123-132.YU Qingxu,LIU Yan,CHEN Xiaobing,et al.Calibration and experiment of simulation parameters for panax notoginseng seeds based on DEM[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(2):123-132.(in Chinese) [26] 石林榕,孙伟,赵武云,等.马铃薯种薯机械排种离散元仿真模型参数确定及验证[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(6):35-42.SHI Linrong,SUN Wei,ZHAO Wuyun,et al.Parameter determination and validation of discrete element model of seed potato mechanical seeding[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2018,34(6):35-42.(in Chinese)
计量
- 文章访问数: 2
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 1
下载:
