Coupling Calibration Method for Multivariate Nonlinear Soil Electrical Conductivity Sensor
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摘要: 针对土壤电导率传感器测量不准确的问题，提出了不考虑含水率θ与考虑θ的非线性耦合标定模型，并开展了土壤电导率传感器的标定与验证试验。标定试验采用新疆维吾尔自治区阿拉尔市十团苹果园沙土，使用去离子水与NaCl设计了9组含水率梯度与6组含盐量梯度共54组土样，分别使用土壤电导率传感器与高精度电导率仪对土样的电导率进行测量；根据耦合模型分别对不考虑θ、考虑θ以及考虑θ细分的3种处理进行拟合分析；最后对同一苹果园设计了大田验证试验。结果表明，土壤电导率传感器测量的电导率EC0以及电导率仪测量的电导率EC1与土壤含盐量均呈正相关，EC0随θ的增加而增加，EC1随θ的增加而减少；3次拟合结果表明，θ对电导率测量有显著影响，随θ细分，3个处理的残差逐渐减小，拟合决定系数R2均不小于0.839且逐渐增大；验证试验结果表明所提出耦合模型可以有效提高电导率测量精度，该标定方法可为土壤电导率准确测量以及土壤电导率传感器标定校准等相关研究提供依据。Abstract: In order to solve the problem of inaccurate measurement of soil electrical conductivity sensor, a nonlinear coupling calibration model without considering water content θ within considering θ was proposed, and the calibration and verification tests of soil electrical conductivity sensor were carried out. The calibration test was conducted by using the sandy soil of the apple orchard in the 10th Regiment, Xinjiang Alar, China. With deionized water and NaCl, totally nine group of moisture content gradients and six groups of salinity gradients, 54 soil samples were designed. The electrical conductivity of soil samples was measured by soil electrical conductivity sensor and high precision conductivity meter respectively. According to the coupling model, the three treatments without θ, with θ and with θ subdivision were fitted respectively. Finally, a field verification test was designed for the same apple orchard. The results showed that the conductivity EC0 measured by soil electrical conductivity sensor and conductivity EC1 measured by conductivity meter were positively correlated with the soil salt content. However, EC0 was increased with the increase of θ, while EC1 was decreased with the increase of θ. The results of cubic fitting showed that θ had a significant effect on the measurement of electrical conductivity, and the residual of the cubic fitting was decreased gradually with θ subdivision. The fitting determination coefficients R~2 were not less than 0.839, which were gradually increased, and the fitting accuracy was increased. The verification test results showed that the proposed coupling model could effectively improve the measurement accuracy of soil electrical conductivity. The calibration method can provide a basis for the accurate measurement of soil conductivity and the calibration of soil conductivity sensors.
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