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玉米碎秸多级横向运移整流装置设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Rectifier for Multi-stage Lateral Movement of Corn Straw

  • 摘要: 针对2BMFJ型原茬地免耕覆秸精量播种机宽幅作业时玉米碎秸多级横向运移过程滞留,影响播种区间清秸率,导致机具工作质量和作业效率降低的问题,通过分析玉米碎秸单级抛撒运动规律,设计了玉米碎秸横向运移整流装置,确定了影响整流装置工作性能的关键结构参数。采用二次回归正交旋转中心组合试验方法,基于EDEM软件在构建的玉米碎秸横向运移整流装置试验平台上,以进入角、整流包角、整流半径为试验因素,以清秸率、行间清秸变异系数为性能评价指标进行了虚拟仿真参数组合优化试验。结果表明:各因素对性能评价指标均具有显著影响,对清秸率影响主次顺序为整流包角、整流半径、进入角,对行间清秸变异系数影响主次顺序为进入角、整流半径、整流包角;最优参数组合为进入角61°、整流包角104°、整流半径424 mm,此时清秸率为93%,行间清秸变异系数为93.5%。在最优参数组合下进行整流装置田间验证试验,结果表明,清秸率为93.5%,行间清秸变异系数为93.7%,与虚拟仿真试验结果基本吻合。

     

    Abstract: When the 2 BMFJ type stubble field no-tillage straw mulching precision seeder is operated in a wide range,the multi-stage lateral movement of corn straw would be retained,which would affect the straw cleaning rate of the planting interval,resulting in the working quality and operating efficiency of the machine and other issues. Through the analysis of the single-stage throwing movement of corn straw,the corn straw lateral movement rectifier was designed,and the mathematical model of the rectifier structure parameters was established. The key structural parameters of operation performance,such as the entry angle,the angle of rectifier package and the radius of rectifier,were proved out,thus the range of key structural parameters was determined. The quadratic regression orthogonal rotation center combination test method was adopted. On the test platform of rectifier for multi-stage lateral movement of corn straws built in the EDEM software,the virtual simulation parameter combination optimization test was carried out with the angle of entry,the angle of rectifier package and the radius of rectifier as the test factors,and the rate of cleaning straw and the consistency of cleaning straw between rows as the performance evaluation indexes. The results showed that each factor had a significant impact on the performance evaluation index. The primary and secondary order of impact on the rate of straw cleaning was from large to small as the angle of rectifier package,the radius of rectifier,and the angle of entry; the primary and secondary order of impact on consistency of straw cleaning from large to small was the angle of entry,the radius of rectifier,and the angle of rectifier package. The interaction between the factors had a significant impact on the rate of straw cleaning,and had no significant impact on the consistency of straw cleaning between the rows; the optimal parameter combination was an entry angle of 61°,a rectification angle of 104°,and a rectifying radius of 424 mm. The rate of straw cleaning was 93%,and the consistency of straw cleaning between rows was 93. 5%. According to the virtual simulation optimization parameter combination,the rectifier processing and field verification test were carried out. The rate of straw cleaning was 93. 5%,and the consistency of straw cleaning between the rows was 93. 7%,which was basically consistent with the results of virtual simulation test.

     

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