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水稻生育期智能间歇灌溉系统研发及应用

Development and application of intelligent intermittent irrigation system in rice growth period

  • 摘要: 结合数理统计学、机械工程学及信息控制技术,成功研发了水稻生育期智能间歇灌溉系统.通过现场试验,对自动测量数据和人工测量数据进行对比分析发现,灌水量、田间水位测量精度满足要求.水稻灌溉试验数据表明:与间歇灌溉相比,智能间歇灌溉灌排水量和灌排次数明显减少.在灌水量方面,智能间歇灌溉模式比间歇灌溉减少51.60~208.90 mm,减少幅度为24.00%~30.40%,灌水次数减少1.5次;在降雨有效利用率方面,智能间歇灌溉模式的降雨利用率较间歇灌溉模式提高了7%;在排水量方面,智能间歇灌溉模式下的田间排水量比间歇灌溉减少18.40 mm,减少幅度为17.9%;在产量方面,在肥料运筹及其他管理措施相同的条件下,早晚稻产量均呈现出智能间歇灌溉模式大于间歇灌溉模式,增产率分别为4.2%和8.9%.水稻生育期智能灌溉系统应用后具有明显的节水、增产效果,对提高中国作物需水量研究测定的科技水平具有重要意义.

     

    Abstract: The successful research and development of an intelligent intermittent irrigation system for rice growing period by combining mathematical statistics, mechanical engineering and information control technology was introduced. After field tests and trials, the comparison and analysis of automatic measurement data and manual measurement data proved that the measurement accuracy of water volume and water level met the requirements. Based on the experimental data of rice irrigation, it is observed that compared with intermittent irrigation, the amount, frequency as well as time of irrigation and drainage of the intelligent irrigation during the rice growth period are significantly reduced. In terms of irrigation volume, the intelligent intermittent irrigation mode reduces the water demand by 51.60-208.90 mm compared with the intermittent irrigation mode, the reduction range achieves 24.00%-30.40%, and the irrigation frequency reduces by 1.5 times. In terms of the effective utilization rate of rainfall, the rainfall utilization rate of the intelligent intermittent irrigation mode increases by 7% compared with the intermittent irrigation mode. In terms of drainage, the field drainage under the intelligent intermittent irrigation mode is lower than the intermittent irrigation mode by 18.40 mm, and the reduction rate achieves 17.9%. The yields of early rice and late rice show that the intelligent intermittent irrigation mode is greater than the intermittent irrigation mode, which increases by 4.2% and 8.9%, respectively. The application of the intelligent irrigation system in the rice growth period has obvious effects on water-saving, emission reduction and improvement in the effective utilization rate of rainfall, which has great significance to improve the scientific and technological level of crop water demand research and measurement in the country.

     

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