Abstract: A experiment was performed to investigate the effects of four treatments: CT+NS（conventional tillage + no straw return）, CT+S（conventional tillage + straw return）, NT+NS（no-tillage + no straw return）, NT+S（no-tillage + straw return）on rice yield and water utilization of direct seeding rice in 2017 and 2018. The experimental results show that the yield of direct seeding rice under NT+S is 9.08-9.63 t/hm~2, which is not significant difference with CT+NS and CT+S, but it is significantly increased by 10.05%-13.36% compared with NT+NS. Therefor, compared with CT+S, the water demand of NT+S has decreased significantly by 5.17%-7.24%, reaching 555.0-576.7 mm. However, the water demand of NT+NS is not significantly different from that of NT+S. Moreover, NT+S has the highest water productivity, 1.63 kg/m~3 and 1.67 kg/m~3 respectively in two years, which is a significant increase of 12.90% and 11.56% compared with NT+NS. In addition, the water productivity of CT+NS is significantly lower than that of NT+S in 2017, but has no significant difference in 2018.