Joint operation of mountain-plain reservoirs group based on bilayer programming in Manas River Irrigation District

In order to optimize the water supply dispatching of reservoir groups to irrigation areas and fulfill the water-saving potential of reservoir groups in the basin under the constraint of the total capacity of water resource, the Manas River Irrigation Districts was taken as an example to optimize the joint operation rules of mountain-plain reservoir groups by bilayer programming in this study. The upper level optimization objective was to minimize the evaporation and leakage losses during the joint adjustment process of reservoir groups. The model optimized the water diversion rules of plain reservoirs and mountainous reservoirs to increase the chances of water storage in mountainous reservoirs. By optimizing the water supply rules of reservoir groups in the lower layer, the improvement of water supply guarantee rate of each sub-irrigation district was realized. The optimized result shows that the loss of water resource in the basin reduces by using joint operation rules of reservoir groups. After adopting the optimized water diversion regulation, the average annual evaporation and leakage loss of reservoir groups can be reduced by 0.22×10~8 m~3, which is 12.09% lower than the current operation of reservoir groups. The guarantee rate of water use in irrigation areas improves by the joint operation of reservoir groups. In the simulation of total water resources control in the current year and the planning year, the guarantee rates of agricultural water use in each sub-irrigation area increase by 6.83%, 7.37%, 13.00% and 17.02%, 13.49%, 12.97% respectively. The joint scheduling of reservoirs based on evaporation and seepage differences between mountain-plain reservoirs can achieve exploiting the water-saving benefits of reservoir groups in the study area. The joint scheduling of mountain-plain reservoirs in Manas River Irrigation District based on bilayer programming has a positive effect on exploiting the water-saving benefits of reservoir groups and improving the efficiency of water resources utilization.