Abstract: In this paper, the seeds of Meconopsis wilsonii, a rare and endangered plant, were studied by scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and stereoscopy to observe the morphological characteristics of the seeds, and determine the water content, water absorption and physiological and biochemical indexes of the seeds. And, the effects of different concentrations of GA₃, 6-BA, SA and NAA on seed germination of M. wilsonii were studied by soaking seeds with exogenous hormones. The results showed that the seeds of M. wilsonii were nearly kidney shape, and the ornamentation of seed coats was pleated. The seeds were in normal state and had vigor and germination potential. In the range of hormone concentration, the treatment with 800 mg·L^-1 GA₃ had the best effect, and the germination rate and germination potential of seeds were the highest, being 93.33% and 27.56% respectively. In addition, seed germination rate and germination potential were the highest which were 82.22% and 18.89% respectively while NAA concentration was 80 mg·L^-1. The highest germination rate was 73.33% while 6-BA concentration was 1 mg·L^-1, and the germination rate and germination potential were significantly decreased while 6-BA concentration was 20 mg·L^-1 and 40 mg·L^-1（p＜0.05）. The germination rate and germination potential were the highest which were 74.44% and 13.33% respectively while SA concentration was 25 mg·L^-1, and the germination rate and germination potential were significantly decreased（p＜0.05） while SA concentration was 800 mg·L^-1.