Abstract: In this paper, the drought resistance of 17 germplasm resources of Isodon lophanthoides at seedling stage was identified by pot with repeated drought method. Ten indexes including canopy wilting ratio, leaf water content and plant height were measured, and the drought resistance of the germplasms was evaluated comprehensively by membership function method. And, the physiological characteristics of germplasms with different drought resistance were also studied. The results showed that the average membership function had great correlation with leaf length and leaf area. The 10 indexes were classified into three principal components, namely photosynthetic factor, yield factor and growth factor, with a cumulative contribution rate of 74.438% based on principal component analysis（PCA）. Further, the tested germplasms was divided into four types including strong drought-resistant type, medium drought-resistant type, weak drought-resistant type and drought-sensitive type. Germplasms with different drought resistance had different physiological response strategies to drought stress and germplasms with weak drought resistance needed to make stronger physiological response to drought stress. Combined with the results of drought resistance identification in the early bud stage, the germplasm R 16 had excellent drought resistance characteristics in both growth stages.