Abstract: Using 224 Shanxi maize inbred lines as materials, the core germplasm containing 68 germplasms was constructed by multiple clustering and preferential sampling method. The results showed that 30.36% was the best sampling ratio for the candidate core germplasms based on the analysis of the candidate core germplasms acquired by 8 times sampling ratio by SSR markers. The results of T-test for four genetic parameters of core germplasm, original germplasm and reserved germplasm showed that the core germplasm represented the genetic diversity of the original germplasm to the greatest extent, while the reserved germplasm also retained the genetic diversity of the original germplasm. In a word, the constructed core germplasm will be beneficial to the evaluation, preservation, research and effective utilization of breeding materials.