Abstract: The plants of Tilia have great morphological variation among individuals, and the taxonomic relationship among species is controversial.In this paper, the 4 phenotypic characteristics of linden fruits of 25 wild germplasms from 5 provinces of China including Tilia miqueliana,Tilia amurensis,Tilia mandshurica and Tilia henryana,and of 4 cultivated germplasms including Tilia cordata Greenspire, Tilia platyphyllos Zelzate, Tilia tomentosa Sterling and Tilia Americana Sentry were investigated by analysis of variance, multiple comparison, correlation analysis and cluster analysis, and the phenotypic variation of Tilia fruits was evaluated quantitatively.The results showed that the variation of fruit character of Tilia was abundant, and the variation of Tilia mainly existed in inter-species, and the variation of T. miqueliana was mainly from the population.Additionally, there were significant differences in fruit traits among different genotypes, while there was a significant positive correlation between the 100-seed weight and the longitudinal and transverse diameters of fruit.In conclusion, Tilia species could be divided into three groups, namely small fruit type, large fruit type and small fruit type according to the clustering of fruit traits.