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224个谷子品种农艺性状聚类和相关性分析

Clustering and Correlation Analysis of Agronomic Traits of 224 Millet Varieties

  • 摘要: 对来自不同生态区224个谷子品种材料的农艺性状进行聚类和相关性分析。结果表明,27个农艺性状的变异范围为11.20%~110.70%,各农艺性状的变异程度由大到小依次为有效穗数、籽粒颜色、穗重、穗粒重、码粒数、单株草重、米色、穗型、茎秆粗度、籽粒形状、植株颜色、穗颈形状、穗码密度、穗粗、护颖颜色、刚毛长度、穗颈长度、穗长、刚毛颜色、花药颜色、倒二叶宽、抽穗期、千粒重、株高、伸长节节数、叶姿、倒二叶长。单株穗粒重与穗重、单株草重呈极显著正相关。用Ward离差平方和聚类分析发现,当欧式距离为19时,224个谷子品种可以分为六大类群,第Ⅰ类群(83份材料)生育期较短,属早熟类型,千粒重较大,穗较粗,但其他性状属于中等水平;第Ⅱ类群(64份材料)生育期相对较短,穗重、穗粒重在各类群中处于较高水平;第Ⅲ类群(41份材料)生育期最长,属晚熟类型,株高较高,分蘖较少,产量较低;第Ⅳ类群(25份材料)生育期较长,属中晚熟类型,株高较低,分蘖数较少,产量属中下等水平;第Ⅴ类群(1份材料)生育期较长,属中晚熟类型,刚毛较长,叶片较窄,株高较高,分蘖数较多,单株草重最大,千粒重和产量属中上等水平;第Ⅵ类群(5份材料)属早熟类型,刚毛长度长,倒二叶最短,株高最矮,分蘖数较多,产量属中下等水平。

     

    Abstract: In this paper, cluster analysis and correlation analysis were carried out on the agronomic traits of 224 millet varieties from different ecological regions. The results showed that the variation of 27 agronomic traits ranged from 11.20% to 110.70%. And, the variation degree of each agronomic trait from large to small was effective panicle number, grain color, panicle weight, grain weight per panicle, grain number per branch, straw weight per plant, caryopsiscolor, ear shape, stem thickness, grain shape, plant color, spike neck shape, spikelet density, panicle diameter, sterile lemma color, bristle length, ear length, panicle length, bristle color, anther color, inverted two leaves width, heading stage, 1 000-grain weight, plant height, number of knots, leaf posture and inverted two leaves length. The spike grain weight per plant was positively correlated with spike weight and grass weight per plant. Clustering analysis based on Ward Deviation Square Sum showed that 224 millet varieties could be divided into six groups while the Euclidean Distance was 19. The group Ⅰ(including 83 samples) had a short growth period and belonged to early maturity type, with a large 1 000-grain weight and thick tassels, but other traits were of medium level, and the group Ⅱ(including 64 materials) had a relatively short growth period, and the spike weight and grain weight were higher in all groups. Group Ⅲ(including 41 materials) had the longest growth period and belonged to late maturity type, with higher plant height, less tillering and lower yield, while group Ⅳ(including 25 materials) had a longer growth period, belonged to middle late maturity type, lower plant height, less tillering number and lower middle yield. Group Ⅴ(including 1 material) had a longer growth period, belonging to middle late maturity type, with longer setae, narrower leaves, higher plant height, more tillers, the largest grass weight per plant, 1 000-grain weight and yield belonging to middle and upper level, and group Ⅵ(including 5 materials) belonged to early maturity type, with long bristle length, shortest inverted two leaves, shortest plant height, more tillers and lower yield.

     

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