Abstract: In this study, 100 different accessions of Brassica juncea germplasm in Guizhou Province were identified in the field planting, and 12 main agronomic traits were investigated. Comprehensive evaluation was conducted by correlation analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of the 12 traits ranged from 11.73% to 42.73%, of which. And the genetic variation of the first effective branch part, the number of effective branch first time, the length of main inflorescence, the number of effective sill on the branch, the branching habit and the seed coat color were abundant. The diversity of pod length, number of seeds per pod and 1 000 grain weight was poor. The correlation analysis showed that there were correlation among 12 traits to different degrees. The contribution rate of the first five factors in principal component analysis was 69.29%. According to the cluster analysis based on phenotypic traits, rapeseed germplasm resources were divided into two categories and 8 clusters, which showed good diversity.