Abstract: 101 bottle gourd germplasm resources collected from local places of Jiangxi Province were used as research objects. Genetic diversity analysis and screening were conducted on 17 phenotypic traits through principal component analysis, cluster analysis and phenotypic comprehensive evaluation method in order to provide theoretical basis for further research on bottle gourd’s excellent traits.The results showed that variation coefficients of quantitative characters ranged from 21.66% to 40.42%,and fruit female flower node, longitudinal diameter of fruit, transverse diameter of fruit and weight per fruit had large variations. Meanwhile, the genetic diversity index of 17 traits ranged from 1.904 to 2.004.Cluster analysis divided the 101 bottle gourd germplasm resources into 3 groups, of which group I had excellent overall traits, suitable for use as breeding materials. The principal component analysis indicated that the cumulative contribution rate of the 8 main components was 69.45%, the comprehensive score of the bottle gourd germplasm resources ranged from-0.35 to 0.80. The four accessions with high comprehensive scores and good commodity were Ningdu bottle gourd（2018362414）,Yushan bottle gourd（2018361464）, Hengshui bottle gourd（P 341300141）and Niexu bottle gourd（P 360983017）,which could be used as the core breeding resources.