Abstract: Artificial accelerated aging test and low temperature germination test are common methods for determining seed vigor, but they are rarely used in desert plants. In order to scientifically apply them to the determination of Haloxylon ammodendron（C. A. Mey.） Bunge seed vigor, the treatment conditions should be optimized. In this study, four samples of H. ammodendron seeds with different vigor levels were firstly prepared by hot water treatment. On this basis, the artificial accelerated aging test and low temperature germination test for the determination of H. ammodendron seed vigor were optimized by comparing the effects of different aging temperature（36 ℃, 40 ℃, 44 ℃） and aging time（12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 60 hours, 72 hours, 84 hours, 96 hours） treatments and different low temperature（10 ℃, 8 ℃, 6 ℃） treatments on the germination indexes of H. ammodendron seed. The results showed that the suitable conditions for artificial accelerated aging test applied to the determination of H. ammodendron seed vigor were 40 ℃ for 36 hours or 48 hours, and the suitable conditions for low temperature germination test were 8 ℃ or 6 ℃. The optimized artificial accelerated aging test and low temperature germination test could distinguish H. ammodendron seed samples with different vigor levels and clearly reflect the difference in seed vigor, which could be well applied to the determination of H. ammodendron seed vigor.