Abstract: The economic characters, parental composition and matching characteristics of 22 cultivated apple cultivars in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed, and the pedigree maps of 22 cultivars were drawn. The results showed that 20 of the 22 apple varieties had clear parental origin, and 18 of them were crossbred, accounting for 90%. According to the climatic characteristics and variety characteristics of Heilongjiang Province, the cultivated varieties were mainly late maturing（54.6%）, all of which were red and cold resistant varieties. There were 12 varieties（54.5%） that could withstand storage, and the fruits were mainly small fruits（63.6%）. Analysis of 20 varieties with clear parental origin showed that the main types of direct parents and original parents were introduced varieties. Genealogical analysis found that the backbone parents were ’Jinguan’, ’Jingguo’ and ’Daqiu’. To sum up, the cultivated apple varieties in Heilongjiang were mainly hybridization and breeding, with late ripening, cold resistance, storage resistance and small fruit as the main characteristics, and the parent combinations with good traits or similar breeding objectives were more likely to breed excellent cold resistance varieties.