Abstract: 7 batches of Cuscutae Semen and 8 batches of Cuscutae Japonicae Semen were used as materials. Cuscutae Semen and Cuscutae Japonicae Semen were observed by stereopicroscope as well as the whole body shape and size of the seed umbilicus, the four-sided view; Cuscutae Semen Semen and Cuscutae Japonicae Semen seed coats were separated and prepared, optical microscope was used to observe the cross section features of seed coat grid cells; the characteristics of species umbilicus were observed by scanning electron microscopy, to study the morphological organization of Cuscutae Semen and Cuscutae Japonicae Semen and made a classification comparison. The results showed that the characters of Cuscutae Semen were mainly plump, of which were quasi-spherical, the length and width were about 1-2 mm; the central ventral view was slightly circular, the back view was slightly elliptical, the left view and the right view were slightly quasi-circular, the umbilicus were mostly oblate. Cuscutae Japonicae Semen was spherical or triangular, the length and width were about 2-3 mm; the ventral view and the right view were elliptical, the back view was semi-fan-shaped, and the left view was fan-shaped, the umbilical was round. Through the microscopical identification, it was observed that the section of Cuscutae Semen seed coat grating cells had 2 layers, and the radial length of the inner row was about 1-2 times that of the outer row, while Cuscutae Japonicae Semen only had 1 layer, the radial length was about 30.62-41.27 μm.The umbilical opening of Cuscutae Semen were labial upturned, 137.58-217.00 μm in long and 6.00-21.00 μm in wide by scanning electron microscopy; The umbilical opening of Cuscutae Japonicae Semen were collared, the length was 464.52-792.51 μm, the width was 5.75-28.19 μm.