Abstract: In order to understand the relationship between different Ipomoea batatas L. materials, 31 Ipomoea batatas L. varieties（lines） were collected as research objects, and SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of different materials in the study. The results showed that a total of 405 polymorphic alleles were detected based on 21 pairs of SSR polymorphism markers, and the average number of alleles per primer pair was 19.3. The genetic similarity coefficient of 31 Ipomoea batatas L. materials ranged from 0.282 9 to 0.975 8, with an average value of 0.430 419, indicating rich genetic diversity. The clustering analysis showed that 31 Ipomoea batatas L. varieties（lines） could be divided into four groups when the genetic distance was 0.638.