Abstract: In order to identify and evaluate the adaptability of Luffa acutangula（L.） Roxb. for summer planting, and to provide germplasm basis for the Luffa acutangula（L.） Roxb. varieties suitable for summer planting in south China, this study took 44 Luffa acutangula（L.） Roxb. germplasm resources planted in summer in Yulin City as research objects, and the main agronomical characters of various resources in summer planting were analysed. The 11 main agronomic traits of Luffa acutangula（L.） Roxb. were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis, correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the performance of main agronomical traits in the 44 resources varied greatly during summer planting. The variation coefficient of single harvest yield per mu was rich, and the diversity index was the highest in the first fruit node. Correlation analysis showed that the single harvest yield per mu was significantly correlated with the whole growth period and the weight per fruit, and was negatively correlated with the days from sown to first harvest, the size of fruit mottling, and the position of the first fruit node. The 11 agronomic traits were transformed into 4 comprehensive factor indicators by principal component analysis, with a cumulative contribution rate of 71.987%. Through cluster analysis, the tested materials were divided into 4 groups. The first group included 31 resources and belonged to the low-medium yield type. The second class contained 1 germplasm and was characterized by late maturity and high yield. Class Ⅲ contained only 1 germplasm, with high downy mildew susceptibility and low yield during the long growth period. Class Ⅳ germplasm consisted of 11 ones, a type of early ripening and high yield. 5 germplasms（LCH8, LCH2, LCH4, LCH14 and LCH25） with better yield in the summer were selected by comprehensive comparative analysis of agrological traits, which were suitable for the breeding of summer planting varieties in South China.