Abstract: In this study, the karyotype, genome size, chromosome number and ploidy of the main varieties of green and white Sechium edule in Huishui County, Guizhou Province were studied by chromosome dissection and flow cytometry. The results showed that both white-skinned and green-skinned Sechium edule were diploid and had 28 chromosomes. The karyotype formulas of white-skinned Sechium edule and green-skinned Sechium edule were 2n=2x=28m, the karyotype of white-skinned Sechium edule was type 1B, and that of green-skinned Sechium edule was type 1C. The asymmetry coefficient of green-skinned Sechium edule was 52.38%, and the asymmetry coefficient of white-skinned Sechium edule was 52.07%, by flow cytometry, the genome size of white-skinned and green-skinned Sechium edule was（0.73±0.02） Gb and（0.70±0.02） Gb, respectively.