Abstract: Repeat four peptide protein（Tetratricopeptide repeat proteins TPR proteins） is a kind of protein that belongs to the spiral repeat protein superfamily member, as a regulatory proteins involved in the chloroplasts almost all of the steps and photosynthesis, and play an important role, However, there are few reports on whether TPR protein is involved in plant response to abiotic threats. In this study, through transcriptome data, a significantly different gene was discovered in maize（Zea mays L.） in response to drought and rehydration processes, which encoded a TPR protein named ZmTPR2. The gene, located on chromosome 3 of maize, encoded 421 amino acids and had three conserved coiled helix domains TRP. In the course of evolution, it was closely related to sorghum. The results of RT-PCR showed that ZmTPR2 gene was a constitutive expression gene, which was expressed in all vegetative organs and reproductive organs such as roots, stems, leaves, male ear and female ear, and the expression level was the highest in young leaves. Through the simulation experiments of drought, high temperature, high salt and nitrogen deficiency stress, it was found that the expression of this gene was significantly up-regulated under the four kinds of stress, and the difference ratio reached a peak of 15.23 times when the drought was 24 hours. The expression level of ZmTPR2 gene in drought tolerant inbred line Zheng58 was significantly higher than that in drought sensitive inbred line B73 under both normal and drought stress treatments, and its expression level was closely related to drought resistance. Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing ZmTPR2 were obtained by genetic transformation. Compared with Col, Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing ZmTPR2 under drought stress had better growth, higher leaf water content and chlorophyll content, lower content of malondialdehyde（MDA）, and stronger activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD） and oxide dismutase（POD）. These results indicated that ZmTPR2 played a positive regulatory role under drought stress.