Abstract: To explore the effects of different growth years（three years, four years, five years） and growth environment（wild sunny slope, wild shade slope, artificial sunny slope, artificial shade） on the Astragalus membranaceus seed antioxidant enzyme activity and endogenous nutrient content. In this study, Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus were used as experimental materials in different growing years and growing environments, and antioxidant oxidase（SOD, POD, CAT） activity, catalase（CAT） activity, malonaldehyde（MDA） content, soluble sugar, crude fat, protein content and other indexes were determined to evaluate and analyze the seed quality of Astragalus membranaceus seeds. The results showed that the activities of antioxidant enzymes（SOD, POD, CAT） increased, the content of MDA decreased, and the endogenous nutrients increased with the growth of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus seeds. The stress resistance of wild Astragalus membranaceus seed was better than that of imitation wild Astragalus membranaceus. The seed quality of Astragalus membranaceus planted on the sunny slope was better than that on the negative slope. Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus planting retention should choose four or five years of yang-slope plants, among which wild Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus was the best.