Abstract: In order to clearly identify rosaceae plants blooming in early spring, 33 morphological characteristics of 37 plant species similar to rosaceae flowering in early spring were observed. The results indicated that:（1） two linear bractlets on one peduncle of Chaenomeles speciosa, so the type of inflorescence was fascicular corymb.（2） There were obvious differences in calyx, pedicel, petals, and stamens in terms of shapes, color, sizes and quantity. The 37 plant species could be divided into 5 groups based on cluster analysis. The first group contained 21 plant species from Prunus, Cerasus, Amygdalus and Armeniaca, the second group contained Padus avium, the third group contained Kerria japonica and K. japonica f. pleniflora, the fourth group contained 12 plant species from Malus and Pyrus, the fifth group contained C. speciose.（3） Ten main characteristic traits based on PCA analysis were shape of bractlet, number of bractlet, type of pistil, whether gamogenic base of style, type of ovary, type of bud, length of peduncle, shape of sepal, length of pistil and shape of calyx tube. These traits played an important role in the recognition of similar trees.（4） Paralleled identification key including 37 rosaceae taxa blooming from mid-March to mid-April was estabilished based on identification characteristics.