Abstract: In order to clarify the chloroplast microsatellite characteristics of the Tulipa iliensis and provide reference for subsequent studies on the systematics, comparative genomics, and genetic improvement of the Tulipa iliensis and Tulipa genus. The comprehensive analysis of the distribution patterns and characteristics of chloroplast microsatellite sequences in the genome of Tulipa iliensis, using the MISA, REPuter and SPSS, was conducted. A total of 224 SSR sites were identified on the chloroplast whole genome sequence of Tulipa iliensis 151 744 bp, with an average of one microsatellite site per 677.43 bp, and the relative abundance and relative density were 1 568.43 loci/Mb and 15 433.89 loci/Mb, respectively, and their distribution ranges were mainly concentrated in Large single-copy region; There were 6 types of chloroplast simple sequence repeats in Tulipa iliensis, of thich mononucleotide repeat sequence were the most numerous, with 114（47.90%）, followed by Trinucleotide repeat sequence with 96（40.34%）, dinucleotide repeat sequence with 17（7.14%）, Tetranucleotide repeat sequence with 7（2.94%）, Hexanucleotide repeat sequence with 3（1.26%） and Pentanucleotide repeat sequence with the only 1（0.42%）; The length range of chloroplast genome microsatellites was 8-32 bp, and from the entire repeat length range, it was mainly concentrated in 8-10 bp, a total of 174（accounting for 77.67% of the total SSR）, and 11 were distributed in length of 20-32 bp, There existed a highly significant correlation between the quantity, length, relative abundance, and relative density of microsatellite repeat sequences. Most of the microsatellite loci on the chloroplast genome of Tulipa iliensis had the potential for polymorphism, which could provide scientific basis for the study of genetic diversity, development and application of polymorphic chloroplast genome microsatellite molecular markers, and the conservation and utilization of wild germplasm resources.