Transcriptome Analysis on Response of Rice to Fusarium moniliforme Infection

Rice is the main food crop, but the occurrence of Fusarium moniliforme poses a great threat to rice production, causing some varieties to seriously reduce production. With the development of transcriptome sequencing technology, it has been gradually applied to the research of resistance of rice varieties to Fusarium moniliforme. The resistance mechanism of rice varieties with high resistance and high susceptibility was determined through inoculation, sampling and sequencing analysis. Twelve eukaryotic common transcriptome libraries were constructed and sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform, using |log₂（FoldChange）|≥ 1 ＆ p≤0.05 as the criteria. A total of 1 482 differential genes were identified in disease-resistant varieties（KDI vs KDCK） and 2 293 differential genes in disease-susceptible varieties（LJI vs LJCK）. According to the co-expression Venn diagram, 328 differential genes were expressed in KDI vs KDCK and LJI vs LJCK, among which only 1 154 genes were expressed in KDI vs KDCK. 1 965 genes were uniquely expressed in the differential genes of the susceptible comparison combination（LJI vs LJCK）. Further, according to the co-expression Venn diagram, 31 upregulated differential genes were expressed in the disease resistance comparison combination（KDI vs KDJCK） and disease susceptibility comparison combination（LJI vs LJCK）, and 272 genes were only expressed in the upregulated differential genes in the disease resistance comparison combination（KDI vs KDCK）. The susceptible comparison combination（LJI vs LJCK） upregulated 825 genes in the differential genes. After GO functional enrichment analysis of 272 genes only expressed in the upregulated differential genes of resistance comparison combination（KDI vs KDCK）, 264 Go Terms were obtained, of which 1 biological process（BP） and 6 molecular functions（MF） were significantly enriched. All of them were related to the oxidative stress response（GO:0006979）, peroxidase activity（GO:0004601）, oxidoreductase activity, peroxides acting as receptors（GO:0016684） and antioxidant activity（GO:0016209） in response to pathogen infection. The results showed that the expression of genes involved in the biological process of oxidative stress was significantly up-regulated in rice bud of resistant varieties during the infection of Fusarium moniliforme and the activity of ATPase significantly increased, which promoted the transmembrane transport of substances and effectively improved the disease resistance.