Abstract: In order to study the supercritical extraction process of tara seed oil, based on the single factor experiments, response surface optimization was carried out on the factors affecting the oil yield, and the fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties of the oil were analyzed. The results showed that the best influencing factors were as follows: 60 mesh tara seed powder 100 g, temperature 45 ℃, pressure 32 MPa, time 109 min. The arithmetic mean of the actual yield was 18.95%, the expected yield was 19.38%, and the relative error was 2.2%. There were 8 types of fatty acids in tara seed oil, and the representative unsaturated fatty acid was linoleic acid, the relative content of which was up to 65.36%. The acid value of supercritical acid value and the oil obtained from Soxhlet extraction had an acid value of 2.899-2.993（mg/g）, an iodine value of 0.153 5-0.153 7 mg/g. Therefore, the degree of unsaturation, drying and oxidation stability of tara seed oil was better. The results confirmed that, supercritical extraction did not affect the original fatty acid composition and had an effect on improving the quality of oil, which realized the efficient extraction, and provide scientific and data reference for the preparation of tara seed oil.