Abstract: To verify the inversion accuracy of ground elevation and vegetation canopy height based on Land and Vegetation Height from ATL08 data of ICESat-2/ATLAS, a new generation of Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation satellite, in this study, the ICESat-2/ATLAS ATL08 product was taken as the research object, Maoer Mountain National Forest Park in Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China was taken as the research area, and high-precision airborne lidar data and sample data were taken as references to analyze the inversion accuracy differences of ground elevation and vegetation canopy height under different beam strength, time, slope and vegetation coverage. The results showed that:（1） for the ground elevation, the inversion accuracy RMSE and MAE of ATL08 strong beam were 1.9 m and 1.1 m, and the accuracy RMSE and MAE of weak beam were 4.1 m and 2.0 m.（2） For the vegetation canopy height, with the canopy height extracted from high-precision airborne Lidar data as a reference, the inversion accuracy of strong beam RMSE was 2.7 m, MAE was 2.3 m, weak beam RMSE was 5.4 m, MAE was 3.7 m. With the measured tree height data of the sample site as reference, the RMSE and MAE of all beams at night were 1.8 m and 1.6 m.（3） With the slope increasing from 0° to more than 20°, the RMSE of ground elevation increased from 2.3 m to 7.7 m, and the RMSE of vegetation canopy height inversion increased from 3.8 m to 10.4 m.（4） Within the range of medium and low vegetation coverage（0%-80%）, ATL08 product can measure the ground elevation well, and the RMSE was all less than 1 m. The inversion accuracy RMSE for high vegetation coverage（80%-100%） area was 3.5 m. Within the range of medium vegetation coverage（40%-80%）, ATL08 product can accurately measure the height of vegetation canopy with RMSE of 2.6 m. If the vegetation coverage was too high（80%-100%） or too low（0%-40%）, its accuracy would decrease, with RMSE of 4.6 m and 3.3 m. ATL08 data inversion of ground elevation and vegetation canopy height showed that the accuracy of strong beam was better than weak beam, night beam was better than daytime beam, and the night strong beam accuracy was the highest. With the increase of slope, the inversion errors of ground elevation and vegetation canopy height of different beams gradually increased, and the error increased with the increase of slope. The inversion of ground elevation was more accurate in the case of medium and low vegetation coverage, and the inversion accuracy of vegetation canopy height reached the highest in the case of medium vegetation coverage.