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耦合多特征多时相的普洱市优势树种分类研究

Research on the Classification of Dominant Tree Species in Pu’er City by Coupling Multiple Characteristics and Multiple Phases

  • 摘要: 利用遥感分类的方法可以快速识别普洱市的优势树种,进一步提升树种覆盖分类的精度,为该区域内森林监测提供参考依据。基于全球尺度遥感云计算平台(Google Earth Engine, GEE),融合经过大气、地形校正后的多时相Sentinel-2数据,识别树种的光谱信息,提取纹理、物候和地形等特征因子,并进行不同的组合,采用分层分类和随机森林(Random forest, RF)的方法对普洱市思茅松、茶树、栎类、橡胶和尾叶桉5个优势树种进行分类。结果表明,多时相影像结合多特征进行分类时地形特征在森林与非森林、针阔林、优势树种上的分类精度高于引入物候和纹理特征。森林与非森林分类的总体精度为99.5%(Kappa=0.98),用户精度和制图精度的调和平均值(F1)为98.48%;针叶林与阔叶林分类总体精度为98.7%(Kappa=0.96),F1为97.64%;优势树种分类总体精度为85.83%(Kappa=0.80),F1为85.19%;优势树种主要分布于海拔1 300~1 700 m的西坡、西南坡和南坡方向的陡坡上。在多时相影像中提取多特征进行分类能够有效提高普洱市优势树种分类精度,可较为准确地提供大区域、高精度的森林覆盖分类图。

     

    Abstract: The remote sensing classification method can be used to quickly identify the dominant tree species in Pu’er City, further improve the accuracy of tree species coverage classification, and provide a reference for forest monitoring in the region. Based on the global-scale remote sensing cloud computing platform(Google Earth Engine, GEE), the multi-temporal Sentinel-2 data corrected by the atmosphere and terrain were integrated to identify the spectral information of tree species, extract texture, phenology, terrain and other characteristic factors, and conduct different combination, hierarchical classification and random forest(RF) methods were used to classify the five dominant tree species in Pu’er City: Simao pine, tea tree, oak, rubber and Eucalyptus urophylla. The results showed that when multi-temporal images were combined with multi-features for classification, the classification accuracy of terrain features in forest and non-forest, coniferous and broad forest, and dominant tree species was higher than the introduction of phenology and texture features. The overall accuracy of forest and non-forest classification was 99.5%( Kappa=0.98), F1 of user accuracy and mapping accuracy was 98.48%; the overall accuracy of coniferous forest and broadleaf forest classification was 98.7%(Kappa=0.96), F1 was 97.64%; the overall accuracy of dominant tree species classification was 85.83 %(Kappa=0.80), F1 was 85.19%. Dominant tree species were mainly distributed on steep slopes in the west, southwest and south slopes at an altitude of 1300-1700m. Extracting multiple features from multi-temporal images for classification can effectively improve the classification accuracy of dominant tree species in Pu’er City, and can provide a large-area, high-precision forest cover classification map more accurately.

     

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