Abstract: To further evaluate the distribution of deep excavation lateral earth pressure, the project of Yangtze River Road Station for Suzhou Metro Line 5 was selected. The characteristics of lateral earth pressure on the diaphragm wall during excavation process was evaluated by theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and field measurements. Observations indicate that the excavation process has serious impacts on the bending moment of diaphragm wall, which should be considered for calculating the lateral earth pressure by using the increment method. The real distribution of lateral earth pressure on the diaphragm wall performs a triangular type, and the recommend range of the lateral earth pressure coefficient K for Suzhou soft ground was obtained as 0.3～0.7. The distribution model of soft soil pressure in Suzhou area can provide reference for foundation pit excavation in this area.