Abstract: In order to refine the identification of irrigation area risks and reduce the probability of accidents. This study used the combination of analytic hierarchy process and structural equation modeling to construct an AHP-SEM quantitative evaluation model to explore the mechanism of action between various risk factors in irrigation areas. The results show that among the primary risk indicators of irrigation area risk management, design risk has the largest evaluation weight, followed by management risk, procurement risk, construction risk, personal risk, social risk, main building risk, and environmental risk. Further refine the secondary indicators based on the primary risk indicators to obtain the impact degree of the secondary indicators and determine the magnitude of the risk. The research results could guide the irrigation area engineering construction department to avoid risks.