Abstract: Woody oil is a traditional industrial oil in China, which has a wide range of industrial applications. It can be used as a source of high-quality edible vegetable oil, and also as a raw material for biodiesel production. It is widely used in feed additives and cosmetics industry.The content of C12-C18 unsaturated fatty acids in woody oil is high, which is easily absorbed by the human body. Different extraction technologies(pressing method, water enzymatic method, ultrasonic assisted method, leaching method, etc.) have little effect on the fatty acid composition and content of woody oilseeds. This article firstly briefly introduced the resources and applications of 7 woody oils, including rubber seed oil, walnut oil, coconut oil, Litsea cubeba kernel oil, peony seed oil, camellia seed oil and palm oil. The fatty acid composition of seven woody oils and their extraction and purification technology were summarized, and the extraction technologies of medium and long carbon chain unsaturated fatty acids in woody oils were emphatically introduced, and the applications of purified lauric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid were reviewed and prospected.