Abstract: Using the adsorption of oxygen-containing groups in wood fibers to anchor the growth of cerium dioxide, one-dimensional hollow tubular structure composite electrode material (WF@ CeO₂) was successfully prepared. The electrochemical properties of the electrode materials were improved by adjusting the addition amount of cerium nitrate, and the synergistic effect of wood fibers on cerium dioxide was discussed. The results showed that the specific surface area of WF@ CeO₂-2 sample could reach 303.73 m²/g when the amount of cerium nitrate was 2 mmol. The prepared electrode exhibited a high specific capacitance of 371 F/g at the current density of 0.5 A/g. The existence of wood fiber greatly improved the electrochemical performance of cerium dioxide electrode material. The specific capacitance of the asymmetric supercapacitor assembled with WF@ CeO₂-2 electrode could reach 34.5 F/g, the peak energy density was 44.16 Wh/kg, and the peak power density was 4 002.7 W/kg. After 5 000 cycles of charge and discharge, the capacitor retention rate was 91.1%, showing good cycle stability.