Abstract: The components of absolute ethanol and 70%(volume fraction) ethanol extracts of mulberry leaves were analyzed by GC-MS. On this basis, taking the yield of mulberry leaf extract as the index, the effects of ethanol volume fraction, extraction temperature and extraction time on the yield of mulberry leaf ethanol extract were investigated, and the extraction process of mulberry leaf ethanol water bath heating extract was optimized by response surface methodology. The results showed that 9 kinds of substances were identified in the absolute ethanol extract of mulberry leaves, and 19 kinds of substances were identified in 70% ethanol extract. From high to low, the organic matter contents in anhydrous ethanol extract were alcohols of 24.78%, aromatics of 24.57%, alkanes of 23.72% and aminourea of 0.68%. The compound with the highest content was α, β-dimethyl phenylethanol(24.78%). The organic matter content in 70% ethanol extract was composed of esters(32.99%), alkanes(24.35%), ketones(9.57%), acids(7.07%), nitriles(0.52%) and alcohols(0.45%) from high to low. The compound with the highest content was benzoic acid-2, 5-bis(trimethylsiloxy)-trimethylsilyl ester(20.01%). The optimum extraction conditions of ethanol extract from mulberry leaves were 5 g of mulberry leaf powder, 50 mL of ethanol solution, ethanol volume fraction of 66%, extraction temperature of 85 ℃ and extraction time of 182 min. Under these conditions, the yield of ethanol extract from mulberry leaves was 20.0%.