Analysis of floodgate pier vibration induced by underflow dissipation and vibration reduction measures
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摘要: 底流式泄洪闸在大流量泄洪时常伴随着闸墩剧烈振动。针对泄洪闸闸墩振动问题，以某水电站为例，基于水弹性物理模型试验和原型观测，提出改善闸墩结构和优化水库调度方案的两种减振措施。物理模型试验为研究闸墩振动提供了数据支撑，而原型观测结果验证了模型试验的可靠性。结果表明：当泄流量为5 400 m3/s时，通过优化水库调度，采用“低孔+表孔”联合泄洪的方式，表孔的泄流量从单独泄洪时的5 400 m3/s转变为联合泄洪时的低孔泄流量3 481 m3/s+表孔泄流量1 919 m3/s,表孔闸墩的振动位移标准差可从182.3μm减小到51.7μm,振动削减效果为71.6%;当表孔泄流量为10 030 m3/s时，通过对闸墩进行加固，闸墩的振动位移标准差可由288.8μm减小到129.6μm,振动削减效果为55.1%。Abstract: Underflow dissipation floodgates are subjected to severe pier vibrations during high-flow discharge. Addressing to this issue, the hydraulic elasticity model test and prototype observation of a hydropower station were conducted, with which two vibration reduction measures of improving pier structure and optimizing reservoir regulation schemes were proposed. The model test provided data support for the analysis of pier vibrations, while the prototype observation validated the reliability of the model test. When the discharge flow is 5 400 m~3/s, the combined discharge approach of “low orifices and surface orifices” can reduce the flow through surface orifices from 5 400 m~3/s in standalone discharge to 1 919 m~3/s in combined discharge, and the rest 3 481 m~3/s can discharge from the low orifices. In this case, the standard deviation of pier vibration displacement at surface orifices decreases from 182.3 to 51.7 μm, achieving a vibration reduction effect of 71.6%. When the discharge from the surface orifices reaches 10 030 m~3/s, reinforcing the piers can reduce the standard deviation of pier vibration displacement from 288.8 to 129.6 μm, leading to a vibration reduction effect of 55.1%.
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