Abstract: Aiming at the impact of changes in water environment and basic water resources conditions on the water cycle health, the whole region and five individual cities of Ningxia were taken as the research objects, and relevant basic data from 2010 to 2018 were collected. Based on the actual situation of local water resources, 15 evaluation indices were selected to evaluate the health status of the water cycle in the whole region and five cities, using principal component analysis. The results show that the health of the water cycle in the whole region and five individual cities of Ningxia showed an overall upward trend. However, due to the differences in economic development and water environment governance policies in various cities, there were obvious regional differences in influencing factors. The water cycle health of Yinchuan City was mainly affected by agricultural water consumption and sewage treatment; the main influencing factors in Shizuishan City were the amount of local water resources and sewage treatment capacity; Wuzhong City was bound by local ecological investment and drainage pipeline construction; Guyuan City was mainly limited by the total amount of local water resources; and the main influencing factors in Zhongwei City were agricultural water consumption and greening rate.