Abstract: As one of the core components of a seeder, the working performance of the seeder directly affects the quality of the seeding operation.There are many types of precision seeders available in the market, but there are relatively few precision seeders for sowing chili peppers, and the operation stability is poor.In order to improve the operation quality of the chili pepper seeder, functional research is conducted on its various components, and experimental analysis is conducted to optimize the design.The experiment shows that using a set of three hole structures, the rate of one hole and three particles is 88%; The optimized design of the seed tray and seed picking tray, with the staggered arrangement of bristles and broken pores, results in a hole rate of less than 0.1% and better sowing performance, meeting the agricultural needs of chili pepper sowing.