Abstract: Near-infrared spectroscopy technology can directly obtain analytical information from a sample in a non-destructive manner,and conduct systematic research by means of chemometrics.It has been proved to be applicable to the identification of authenticity of a variety of chinese herbal medicines,prediction of incorporation of defectives,and cluster analysis of varieties of chinese herbal medicines.The evaluation and identification of the overall quality of chinese medicine can be performed quickly and effectively,but there is a large deviation in the analysis of components used for small amounts.In addition,the application of near-infrared spectroscopy in chinese medicine extraction and separation and purification process can optimize the extraction time and extraction times,reduce the content of impurities in the extract,make the extraction process of the main active ingredients of chinese herbal medicines and the separation and removal process to achieve high efficiency and quality controllable,to reduce production costs.The introduction of near-infrared spectroscopy analysis technology helps to promote the modernization of chinese medicine,and it is of great practical significance and practical value for maintaining the stability of traditional chinese medicine market and optimizing the quality control technology of traditional chinese medicine.In this paper,the analysis and application of near-infrared spectroscopy in the field of traditional chinese medicine is divided into two major types of chinese herbal medicines identification and online quality control.The judgment of deliberately counterfeit,deliberate partial falsification,accidental confusion medication,herbal origin and the medicinal value level were used as diacritical points;the different online production processes were used as diacritical points,to summarizes the application and progress of near infrared spectroscopy in the authenticity identification,adulteration identification,variety classification,origin analysis,quality evaluation,as well as the extraction and purification process of traditional chinese medicine,concentration process,quality control of preparation process and so on.It provided ideas and directions for the application of near-infrared spectroscopy in the identification and quality control of traditional chinese medicine.