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新型卧式旋转干燥仓设计与优化

Design and Optimization of New Horizontal Rotary Drying Chamber

  • 摘要: 中国粮食干燥设备处于更新换代关键时期。在干燥过程中,干燥设备对粮食籽粒造成的机械损伤不容忽视。为克服传统粮食干燥设备对粮食品质造成的不利影响,本研究设计开发了一种新型卧式旋转干燥仓。该设备的特点是低温干燥,整仓缓慢旋转搅拌粮食,以保证粮食干燥后含水率的均一性,有效降低粮食干燥过程中的机械损伤,确保粮食干燥品质。本文详细介绍了该设备的设计思路和优化过程,并通过系统性试验对优化前后设备的干燥性能进行验证。经过48 h的连续干燥试验,将35 t新收获的24%湿基的高含水率玉米干燥至15%湿基,干燥曲线光滑,干燥过程稳定,干燥后水分不均匀度小于1%,单位能耗约为0.19 kW·h/(1%水分·t)。试验结果表明,干燥后的玉米含水率均匀,干燥过程能耗低。该设备为未来粮食干燥和储存提供了一种新的技术方法和思路。

     

    Abstract: In order to overcome the adverse effect of traditional grain drier on grain quality, a new type horizontal rotary drying chamber was designed and developed. The original intention of this equipment is to reduce energy consumption, improve drying rate and shorten drying process on the premise of ensuring the quality of grain after drying, and at the same time have the function of grain storage. The characteristic of this equipment is that the grain is dried at low temperature, and the whole machine rotates slowly to stir the grain, so as to ensure the uniformity of moisture content after the grain is dried, reduce the mechanical damage to grain in the drying process, and ensure the grain drying quality. In order to verify the performance of the equipment, two corn drying tests were carried out. The corn-cob drying experiment was carried out in the rotating chamber for 34 d. No mechanical ventilation was carried out in the experiment, and the moisture content of the corn was finally reduced to about 15%. The experiment proved the applicability of this horizontal rotary drying method in the storage and drying of corn and other grains. The test in the optimized equipment lasted a total of 48 h. After 48 hours of continuous drying, the moisture content(24% wet basic) of 35 t newly harvested high-moisture corn was dried to 15%, the drying curve was smooth, the drying process was stable, the non-uniformity after drying was less than 1%, and the unit energy consumption was about 0.19 kW·h/(1% moisture ·t). The experimental results showed that the moisture content of corn after drying was uniform, and the energy consumption was low. Therefore, it is a new warehouse type suitable for large farmers’ corn drying and short-term storage, and provides a new technology method and idea for grain drying and storage in the future.

     

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