Abstract: In order to understand the promotion and impact of agricultural machinery on the development of agricultural modernization, this paper summarized and analyzed the modern agricultural production factors from the technical and institutional levels. On this basis, the combination relationship and characteristics of agricultural machinery and other production factors were studied, and it was concluded that agricultural machinery played an important role in the Combinatorial optimization of modern agricultural production factors.The "push-pull theory" was applied to analyze the influencing factors of modern agricultural production from the perspective of agricultural machinery, and it was theoretically clarified that agricultural machinery plays an important role in the modernization of agriculture in Beijing, and puts forward relevant suggestions.