Abstract: In order to clarify the difference in operation performance of sugarcane harvester in plant cane and ratoon cane harvesting,a comparative experiment on harvesting plant cane and ratoon cane using 4GQ-1C caterpillar sugarcane harvester was carried out in the field.The machine worked in the same operation parameters,and the operation performance data in plant cane and ratoon cane was recorded and analyzed.The results showed that when the harvester harvested the plant cane,the head breakage rate was 4.69%,25.90% lower than that of ratoon cane （6.33%）.The total loss rate was 2.11%,37.57% lower than that of ratoon cane （3.38%）.The qualified rate of cane billets was 96.80%,2.60% higher than that of ratoon cane （94.35%）.The unpeeled ratio was 0.18%,30.77% lower than that of ratoon （0.26%）.The impurity rate was 4.83%,21.97% lower than that of ratoon cane （6.19%）.Therefore,the operation performance of plant cane is better than that of ratoon cane,the parameters of various harvesting operations can be adjusted to achieve better harvest results.