Abstract: Aiming at the engineering demand of improving the safety and efficient damage ability of hand grenade, a new hand grenade structure using device of rotary wing to control arming device and ballistic attitude was designed. Based on the analysis of the gripping grenade and the bouncing air-bomb grenade, this paper put forward the design idea of the rotor grenade. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of action, this paper used a combination of theoretical calculation and dynamic simulation to complete the structural design of the rotor grenade, and the functional feasibility of structural safety relief and efficient damage was simulated and verified by ADAMS analysis software. When the rotor grenade was thrown at 30 m/s in the direction of 45°, the number of revolutions was 14. 5, which was greater than the required number of revolutions of 9. 5; when the throwing angle was 45°, the minimum throwing speed of the rotor grenade was 25. 95 m/s; the equilibrium velocity of the rotor grenade in the vertical descent phase of the trajectory was 8. 7 m/s. The simulation results show that the structure can realize the air safety guarantee; the rotary rotor device can adjust the trajectory attitude of the grenade and create ballistic conditions for the fixed-altitude explosion. This structure can provide a basis for the design of related engineering applications.