Abstract:
Field and laboratory experiments are usually used to reveal the impacts of the slope shape on the soil erosion process, but the fixed experimental conditions are restrained in analyzing the impacts of other related factors on the slope shape effect. Based on the widely used WEPP model, the soil erosion processes are simulated and compared for four common slope shapes in nature, including linear, convex, concave, and S-shaped. The sensitivities of slope shape effect to different rainfall intensity, soil erodibility, and rill density parameters are also analyzed. The results show that soil erosion and its spatial distribution can be significantly changed for different shaped slopes. With the increase in rainfall intensity, both the total erosion and its spatial difference tend to increase greatly for four shaped slopes. The increase in total erosion for the convex slope is more significant, which is about two times as large as that of the concave slope. As the ratio of rill spacing to initial rill width increases, the soil erosion intensity and its spatial difference decrease on all slopes. The decrease in soil erosion intensity is more significant on S-shaped slope but less significant on linear slope. With the increase in rill erodibility parameter, the soil erosion density and its spatial difference increase on four slopes. The spatial difference on convex and S-shaped slopes changes greatly in comparison with those on linear and concave slopes. However, the soil erosion density and its spatial difference are not sensitive to the interrill erodibility parameter for all slopes. The above results are helpful to deepening the theory of soil erosion on different shaped sloping surfaces, which are expected to be useful for soil erosion prevention and high-quality development of sloping farmland on Loess Plateau.