Abstract: The probability of extreme climate events is increasing under global warming, and compound extreme events have more serious impacts in society and environment than individual extreme events. By using daily precipitation observation and daily maximum temperature data from 639 meteorological stations over China during 1961-2020, this paper adopts the index of weighted average of precipitation（WAP） and the method based on relative threshold to identify flood and heatwave events, and investigates total frequency and probability of compound extreme flood-heatwave events occurrence within seven days, discusses the temporal variation characteristics of compound events in the different periods compared with individual extreme events, and analyzes the duration and average magnitude of heatwave in flood-heatwave event, this study can provide reference for the flood control and disaster reduction scheme in China. The research results are as follows:（1） In recent 60 years, the compound flood-heatwave events occur at almost all stations, and show obvious spatial differences. The regions with high frequency of compound extreme events occurrence are mainly distributed in Yangtze, Southeast, Pearl and Northwestriverbasins；（2） The total frequency and the regional average occurrence probability of flood-heatwave events over China showed significant increasing trends（P＜0.01） from 1961 to 2020, which became larger and larger among different decades.The frequency and probability of compound events occurrence in different years varied greatly with the highest values in 2016（261 times, 17.4%） and the lowest values in 1985（8times, 0.5%）, and the frequency and probability of occurrence has significant correlation；（3） Compared with individual extreme events, the increasing rate of flood-heatwave events is relatively significant.The ratio of the total number of flood-heatwave events during 1981-2000and 2001-2020 against the total frequency of compound events during 1961-1980 increased from 1.26 to 2.96, and the increasing rate was most prominent in eastern Yangtze, Southeastern Pearl and Southeastern river basins；（4） Compared with heatwave events without flood before them, the longest duration and average magnitude of heatwave in flood-heatwave events were relatively short and small respectively, which show insignificant spatial differences among different basins.