Abstract: With the rapid increase in the demand for water,for urbanization and people’s livelihood,reservoir dispatch is facing huge challenges. The dispatch strategy that takes into account the people’s livelihood and the demand for power generation water has become an important soft technical means to ensure the efficient operation of the project. The NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm is used to establish a multi-objective optimal scheduling model for reservoir operation,to carry out research on the scheduling strategy after the demand of the reservoir changes,and to measure the pros and cons of the reservoir scheduling strategy by the level of water shortage. According to the comprehensive optimal goal,under the premise of giving priority to the protection of people’s livelihood water,the operation scheduling strategy can not only increase the power generation,but also reduce the dependence on natural water resources after major changes in water demand,and improve the efficiency and utilization of the reservoir to achieve the research goal of improving the economic benefits of the overall project.