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黄淮海平原地下水储量与埋深变化特征分析

Analysis of Variation Characteristics of Groundwater Reserves and Buried Depth in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains

  • 摘要: 地下水储量和埋深是水循环过程的关键参数,其演变规律对流域水平衡蓄变关系具有重要的意义。基于GRACE重力卫星反演的水储量与实测地下水埋深数据,利用空间插值分析、回归分析和Mann-Kendall趋势检验等方法,研究了2003-2016年黄淮海平原地下水储量和埋深的变化特征。结果表明,近14年黄淮海平原的地下水储量呈显著下降趋势,下降速率为1.2 cm/a,其中海河平原的下降速率为1.6 cm/a,淮河平原的下降速率为0.9 cm/a;地下水埋深平均每年增加0.09 m,呈显著增大趋势,其中海河平原平均每年增大0.16 m,淮河平原平均每年增大0.05 m。在区域水量平衡变化和人类取用水对地下水影响分析的基础上,表明地下水超采是黄淮海平原水储量下降的主要原因。研究成果对变化环境下的区域水循环演变规律认识及水资源管理与开发利用具有一定的支撑作用。

     

    Abstract: Groundwater reserves and buried depth are the key parameters of water cycle,and their evolution is of great significance to the relationship between water balance and accumulation in the basin. Abstract:Based on the data of water storage and groundwater burial depth retrieved from GRACE gravity satellite,spatial interpolation analysis,regression analysis and Mann-Kendall trend test were used to study the variation characteristics of groundwater storage and groundwater burial depth in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain from 2003 to 2016. The results show that the groundwater reserves in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plains decrease significantly in recent 14 years with a rate of 1.2 cm/a,of which the rate of decline in Haihe Plains is 1.6 cm/a and that in Huaihe Plains is 0.9 cm/a. Groundwater depth increases by 0.09 m per year on average,showing a significant trend of increase,among which the average annual increase in Haihe Plains is 0.16 m,and the average annual increase in Huaihe Plain is 0.05 m. Based on the analysis of the change of regional water balance and the influence of human water extraction on groundwater,it can be concluded that the overextraction of groundwater is the main reason for the decrease in water storage in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plains. The research results have certain supporting effect on the understanding of the evolution law of regional water cycle and the management and development of water resources under the changing environment.

     

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