Abstract: Pond wetlands are widely distributed in the southern irrigation areas in China, and a reasonable wetland design is beneficial to improving their comprehensive benefits. This paper analyzes the effects of plant species（Schoenoplectustabernaemontani, Thalia dealbata, Pontederia cordata） and inlet flow rate（4 m~3/h and 11 m~3/h） on the treatment performance and hydraulic performance of pond wetlands through static and dynamic removal tests and tracer tests in the Erhai watershed of Dali City as a typical area. The results show that:（1） The nitrogen and phosphorus treatment performance of Pontederia cordata wetland is better than that of Schoenoplectustabernaemontani wetland, and better than that of Thalia dealbata wetland; the hydraulic performance of Schoenoplectustabernaemontani wetland is better than that of Pontederia cordata wetland, and better than that of Thalia dealbata wetland; the combined treatment performance and hydraulic performance of Schoenoplectustabernaemontani is better than that of Pontederia cordata, and better than that of Thalia dealbata.（2） When the inlet flow rate is reduced from 11 m3/h to 4 m3/h, the total nitrogen removal rate of the wetland increases from 17.8% to 32.7%, the total phosphorus removal rate increases from 19.9% to 28.6%, the effective volume ratio increases from 0.60 to 0.77, the Morrill dispersion index increases from 3.12 to 3.59. It indicates that the treatment performance and hydraulic performance of the wetland are improved, and the short-circuiting of water flow is reduced, but the degree of mixing has been increased.（3） The pollutant removal rate of the first half of the wetland accounts for 65% to 87% of the overall, and the effective volume rate is above 0.85, with better treatment performance and hydraulic performance than the wetland as a whole.