Abstract: Low agricultural water use efficiency and serious water pollution restrict the sustainable development of local agriculture in some water-receiving cities of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project’s Central Route. Therefore, it is important and urgent to improve the green efficiency of agricultural water resources in each water-receiving city. This paper uses the super-efficiency SBM model to measure the green efficiency of agricultural water in the area, and analyzes its spatial-temporal evolution law by using the panel data of 20 water-receiving cities from 2009 to 2020 and taking the grey water footprint as the undesired output. The Tobit model is used to identify the main influencing factors. The results show that:（1）From 2009 to 2020, the green efficiency of agricultural water in water-receiving area of the South-toNorth Water Diversion Project’s Central Route was not high and showed a downward trend, mainly due to the low scale efficiency. Among them, the green efficiency in Beijing and in most cities in Hebei Province was relatively high, while Tianjin and most cities in Henan Province was low.（2）The overall differences of agricultural water green efficiency in water-receiving area mainly resulted from the differences within the regions, especially within Henan Province, but the increasing inter-provincial differences promoted the overall differences to expand.（3） Cities with high or low green efficiency of agricultural water had a high probability of stable transfer, while cities with medium level had a large instability in transfer. Meanwhile, the spatial distribution of agricultural water efficiency had the phenomenon that the high-efficiency cities had a positive spillover effect on neighboring cities, while low-efficiency cities had a negative drag effect on neighboring cities in terms of water-saving technology and water resources management.（4）Economic development level, agricultural degree, agricultural fixed capital, water-saving agriculture development level, water resources endowment, water supply structure were the main factors affecting the green efficiency of agricultural water. All water-receiving cities should adhere to the concept of green development and promote the intensive and economical use of agricultural water resources in the South-to-North Water Diversion Project’s Central Route.