Abstract: In order to investigate the spatial variation of soil nutrient indexes and fertility quality of long-term sub-membrane drip irrigated farmland in Xinjiang, this paper samples the soil in the 0～20 cm soil layer of typical sub-membrane drip irrigated plots, measures and analyzes six indexes of soil pH, conductivity, organic matter, alkaline soluble nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus and fast-acting potassium, and calculates and analyzes them by using geostatistical methods and the affiliation function method. The results show that the block gold coefficients of pH, conductivity, alkaline decomposition nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus and fast-acting potassium are 0.97, 0.98, 0.97 and 0.99, respectively, all of which are more than 0.75, indicating that their spatial autocorrelation is weak and the spatial variation is mainly affected by human factors. The spatial distribution shows that the soils in the study area are occupied by class II and III lands, accounting for 71.11% and 28.89%, respectively, which are of medium and medium-upper fertility status. The overall level of soil fertility of under-membrane drip irrigation is high, among which fast-acting phosphorus is the main limiting factor limiting soil fertility, and the soil should be cultivated and improved by increasing phosphorus fertilizer and other means.