Abstract: Affected by factors such as climate,soil and irrigation and drainage conditions,the Huaibei Plains of Anhui is a typical area where drought and flood occur alternately. The main drainage ditch is the main drainage project of farmland in the Huaibei Plains. Through the reasonable control of the drainage ditch,the water level and groundwater level of the ditch are properly raised,which is helpful to realize the comprehensive management of drought and flood. Combined with the MIKE model,this paper takes the main ditch control area in the Huaibei Plains as a unit to study the regulation effect of drainage control at the small watershed scale on farmland water resources and the impact on crop growth. Drainage and water storage control can effectively raise the ditch water level and groundwater level,but the magnitude of the uplift should be reasonably controlled according to rainfall and crop planting structure. Waterlogging and waterlogging reduction should be the main focus,the water level in the ditch should be more than 1.2 m,lower than the average ground elevation,and the maximum water storage level should be controlled according to the design storage level. During the non-flood season（October to May）,the water level of the ditch is mainly controlled by water storage. The maximum water storage level can exceed the design storage level by 0.5 m. When the water level in front of the gate is lower than the design storage level by 0.5 m,the gate can be closed for water storage.