Abstract: Drought has been a major natural disaster for mankind since ancient times. Even today,with the development of science and technology,the disastrous consequences caused by droughts are still everywhere. In this paper,the evolution characteristics of the drought and its correlation with circulation in Henan Province from 1970 to 2019 are analyzed by using the methods of standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index（SPEI）,Mann Kendall test and cross wavelet analysis. The results show that based on SPEI value,the climate in Henan Province has gradually become arid in recent 50 years. In terms of spatial variation,the drought in spring,summer and winter is significant in the northwest and relatively humid in the southeast. From the circulation correlation,the North Atlantic Oscillation（NAO）,Arctic Oscillation（AO）and Southern Oscillation（SOI）have a strong correlation with droughts in spring,summer and autumn in Henan Province,and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation（PDO）and SOI have a strong inter-annual correlation with droughts in Henan Province.