极端干旱对长江漫滩湿地温室气体排放的影响——以南京八卦洲湿地为例

唐珍妮; 刘艺轩; 周旭东; 余珂; 于志国

极端干旱对长江漫滩湿地温室气体排放的影响——以南京八卦洲湿地为例

唐珍妮^1,2,
刘艺轩^1,2,
周旭东³,
余珂⁴,
于志国^1,2,

1. 南京信息工程大学水文与水资源工程学院;
2. 水利部水文气象灾害机理与预警重点实验室;
3. 南京水利科学研究院;
4. 郑州市气象局

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目(41877337)

详细信息

作者简介:
唐珍妮(1998-),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为生态水文/生态气象。E-mail:20201201075@nuist.edu.cn

通讯作者:
于志国(1982-),男,教授,博士,主要研究方向为生态水文/生态气象。E-mail:zhiguo.yu@nuist.edu.cn

中图分类号: X16;P426.616
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-09

Effects of Extreme Drought on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Yangtze Floodplain Wetland: A Case Study of Baguazhou Wetland in Nanjing

1. School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology;
2. Key Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology;
3. Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute;
4. Zhengzhou Meteorological Bureau

摘要

摘要: 今夏我国长江流域在极端高温下遭遇了自1961年以来最严重的气象水文干旱，长江漫滩大面积落干，严重威胁江滩湿地生态系统。研究选取南京市八卦洲湿地沉积物为研究对象，通过室内培养实验，设置了20、30℃两个温度梯度以及全淹水、半淹水和干处理3个水分梯度模拟了干燥再湿润对沉积物温室气体排放的影响，并结合三维荧光光谱技术（3D-EEMs）等方法探讨其相应影响机制。不同温度处理结果表明：增温促进了沉积物的二氧化碳（CO₂）排放（P<0.05）和甲烷（CH₄）排放（P>0.05）,30℃下3个样点累积排放量的CO₂当量共为987.74 mg/kg，是20℃培养处理下的1.62倍。其中，A点沉积物对总排放的贡献最高（63.36%）。不同干湿处理结果表明：相同温度处理下累积排放量的CO₂当量由高到低为：全淹水处理>半淹水处理>干处理，30℃培养处理时全淹水处理下CO₂当量为干处理下的9.97倍。高温高水位条件下沉积物温室气体排放的CO₂当量可达低温干燥环境下的28倍以上，其中CO₂排放贡献率为99.7%。研究结果对评估未来长期干旱和极端降水频发影响下沉积物碳排放和制定碳减排政策具有重要意义。
- 极端干旱 /
- 干燥再湿润 /
- 湿地 /
- 沉积物 /
- 温室气体排放
Abstract: This summer, China’s Yangtze River Basin suffered the most severe meteorological and hydrological drought since 1961 under extreme heat, and the Yangtze River roaming beaches ran dry over a large area, seriously affecting the carbon cycle of the riverbank wetland ecosystem. An incubation experiment was conducted by using the sediments selected from Baguazhou wetland in Nanjing to investigate the effects of drying and rewetting on wetland sediments GHG emissions and to explore the corresponding influencing mechanism based on threedimensional fluorescence spectroscopy（3D-EEMs） and other methods under two different types of temperature（20 ℃ and 30 ℃） and three different moisture gradients（fully submerged, semi-submerged and dry）. The results under different temperature treatments show that warming promoted carbon dioxide（CO₂） emissions（P＜0.05） and methane（CH₄） emissions（P＞0.05）, and the total CO₂ equivalent of cumulative emissions from the three sites at 30 ℃ is 987.74 mg/kg, which is 1.62 times higher than that under the 20 ℃ incubation treatment. And the sediment at Site A contributed the most to the total emissions（63.36%）. The results under different moisture circumstances show that the CO₂ equivalents of cumulative emissions under the same temperature treatment are from high to low: fully submerged treatment ＞ semi-submerged treatment ＞ dry treatment, and the CO₂ equivalents under fully submerged treatment are 9.97 times higher than those under dry treatment at 30 ℃ incubation treatment. The CO₂ equivalent of sediment greenhouse gas emissions under high temperature and high water level conditions can reach more than 28 times of that under low temperature and dry environment, in which the contribution of CO₂ emissions is 99.7%. The results of the study have important implications for assessing sediment carbon emissions and formulating carbon reduction policies under the influence of long-term drought and extreme precipitation frequency in the future.
- extreme drought /
- drying and rewetting /
- wetland /
- sediments /
- greenhouse gas emissions（GHG emissions）

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